Every utterance is expressive in the literal sense of the word, expressive; an animal gives vent to its excitement and thus communicates it to its own as well as other kinds of animals, to friends as well as to foes. Consequently, the effect of an utterance is always a manifestation, the function of which varies according to the situation: it may be a luring sound, a warning, a cry of fear, a call to the nest, perhaps even a threat or just showing off. The sound strikes the ear of the animal which hears its own voice. The philosopher Herder found it indispensable to call attention to this fact, for herewith begins vocal articulation. Production seems simultaneously to be the product, production arises as product, production and product are one and the same. For animals, this cyclical process obviously has its distinct limits. Starting by itself, it stimulates others. Through vocal utterance, there is engendered mutual participation." /> On human expression - Plessner Helmuth | sdvig press